Quota mini-HOWTO

Albert M.C. Tam

bertie@scn.org

JF Project - 擔杮岅栿

v0.0, 8 August 1997

傑偊偑偒丗偙偺暥彂偼丄Albert M.C. Tam (bertie@scn.org) 偑乽僐僺乕儗僼僩
乿偟偰偄傑偡丅旕彜梡栚揑偵尷傝丄棙梡丒暋惢丒斝晍傪嫋壜偟傑偡偑丄偦偺嵺
偼丄挊幰偍傛傃曇廤幰偺巵柤偲偙偺棙梡嫋戻忦崁偑偡傋偰偺暋惢偍傛傃晅懏暥
彂偵昞帵偝傟傞偙偲丄暥彂偵夵曄傪壛偊側偄偙偲偑忦審偲側傝傑偡丅偙偺暥彂
偼丄撉幰偺栶偵棫偮偙偲傪婅偭偰攝晍偝傟偰偄傑偡偑丄柧帵揑丒栙帵揑側擛壗
側傞曐徹傕敽偄傑偣傫丅惓妋側忣曬傪婰嵹偡傞傛偆弌棃傞尷傝偺搘椡傪偟偰偄
傑偡偑丄挊幰丒曇廤幰丒暥彂娗棟幰偼丄偙偺暥彂偺岆昑傗暥彂撪偺忣曬偵傛偭
偰惗偠偨懝奞偵偮偄偰丄擛壗側傞愑擟傕晧偄傑偣傫丅

偙偺暥彂偼丄Linux 儂僗僩忋偱僼傽僀儖僔僗僥儉偺梕検惂尷(quota)傪桳岠偵偡
傞曽朄丄儐乕僓傗僌儖乕僾偵梕検惂尷傪偐偗傞曽朄丄偍傛傃庬乆偺 quota 僐儅
儞僪偺巊偄曽偵偮偄偰夝愢偡傞傕偺偱偡丅kernel 2.x 傪巊偭偰偄傞儐乕僓傪懳
徾偲偟偰偄傑偡 (RedHat 4.1 偱 kernel 2.0.27 傪憱傜偣偰偄傞儅僔儞忋偱嵟
怴偺僥僗僩傪峴偄傑偟偨)丅偦傟傛傝傕屆偄 kernel 傪巊偭偰偄傞儐乕僓偼丄
kernel 偺僶乕僕儑儞傪忋偘側偗傟偽丄quota 偺怴偟偄婡擻偑巊偊側偄偐傕偟傟
傑偣傫丅娫堘偄傗忣曬偺寚棊偑偁傟偽丄墦椂側偔 bertie@scn.org 傑偱僼傿乕
僪僶僢僋傗僐儊儞僩傪憲偭偰偔偩偝偄丅傛傠偟偔偍婅偄偟傑偡丅

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Table of Contents
1. quota 偲偼丠
2. Linux 偵偍偗傞 quota 偺尰忬
3. Linux 忋偱 quota 傪巊偆偨傔偺摦嶌娐嫬
   
    3.1. Kernel
    3.2. quota 僜僼僩僂僃傾
   
4. quota 偺愝掕 - 僷乕僩1丗婎杮愝掕
   
    4.1. 僇乕僱儖偺嵞峔抸
    4.2. quota 僜僼僩僂僃傾偺僐儞僷僀儖偲僀儞僗僩乕儖
    4.3. 僔僗僥儉偺 init 僗僋儕僾僩傪曇廤偟丄婲摦帪偵 quota 傪僠僃僢僋
        偟丄quota 傪僆儞偵偡傞
    4.4. /etc/fstab 偺曇廤
    4.5. quota 婰榐僼傽僀儖 "quota.user" 偲 "quota.group" 傪嶌惉偡傞
    4.6. 儕僽乕僩
   
5. quota 偺愝掕 - 僷乕僩2丗儐乕僓偲僌儖乕僾偵 quota 傪妱傝摉偰傞
   
    5.1. 摿掕偺儐乕僓偵 quota 傪妱傝摉偰傞
    5.2. 摿掕偺僌儖乕僾偵 quota 傪妱傝摉偰傞
    5.3. 摨偠抣傪堦楢偺儐乕僓偵妱傝摉偰傞
    5.4. 僜僼僩儕儈僢僩
    5.5. 僴乕僪儕儈僢僩
    5.6. 桺梊婜娫
   
6. 庬乆偺 quota 僐儅儞僪
   
    6.1. quotacheck
    6.2. repquota
    6.3. quotaon 偲 quotaoff
   
7. 擔杮岅栿偵偮偄偰

1. quota 偲偼丠

quota 偲偼丄傆偨偮偺懁柺偐傜僨傿僗僋僗僩儗乕僕偺棙梡偵堦掕偺惂尷傪壽偡
傕偺偱偡丅偡側傢偪丄quota 傪巊偆偲丄屄乆偺儐乕僓傗儐乕僓僌儖乕僾偵懳偟
偰丄徚旓偱偒傞 inode 悢傪尷掕偟丄棙梡壜擻側僨傿僗僋僽儘僢僋悢傪惂尷偡傞
偙偲偑偱偒傑偡丅

尵偄姺偊傞偲丄儐乕僓偑僔僗僥儉忋偺僨傿僗僋僗儁乕僗傪嵺尷側偔巊偆偙偲偑
弌棃側偄傛偆偵偟偰丄儐乕僓偺僨傿僗僋徚旓検傪堦掕尷搙埲壓偵曐偮偲偄偆偺
偑丄 quota 偺攚屻偵偁傞峫偊曽偱偡丅quota 偺愝掕偼丄儐乕僓偛偲丄僼傽僀儖
僔僗僥儉偛偲偵峴傢傟傑偡丅偦傟備偊丄暋悢偺僼傽僀儖僔僗僥儉偵傑偨偑偭偰
儐乕僓偑僼傽僀儖傪嶌惉偱偒傞傛偆偵側偭偰偄傞応崌丄屄乆偺僼傽僀儖僔僗僥
儉偵懳偟偰屄暿偵 quota 傪愝掕偡傞昁梫偑偁傝傑偡丅

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2. Linux 偵偍偗傞 quota 偺尰忬

quota 偺僒億乕僩偼丄kernel v1.3.8x 偺偲偒偐傜 kernel 偵慻傒崬傑傟偰偄傞
偦偆偱偡丅崱擔偱偼丄Linux kernel 偺儕儕乕僗 2.0 偺堦晹偲側偭偰偄傑偡丅
撉幰偺僔僗僥儉偺 kernel 偑 quota 傪僒億乕僩偟偰偄側偄側傜丄kernel 偺傾
僢僾僌儗乕僪傪偍偡偡傔偟傑偡丅

尰嵼丄quota 偼丄ext2 僼傽僀儖僔僗僥儉偱偟偐摦嶌偟傑偣傫丅

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3. Linux 忋偱 quota 傪巊偆偨傔偺摦嶌娐嫬

3.1. Kernel

2.x kernel 僜乕僗偼丄師偺僒僀僩偱擖庤偱偒傑偡丅

http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/v2.0/

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3.2. quota 僜僼僩僂僃傾

Linux 僨傿僗僩儕價儏乕僔儑儞偵傛偭偰丄quota 僜僼僩僂僃傾偼撉幰偺僔僗僥
儉偵僀儞僗僩乕儖偝傟偨傝丄偝傟側偐偭偨傝偟傑偡丅僀儞僗僩乕儖偝傟偰偄側
偄応崌偼丄師偺応強偐傜 quota 僜僼僩僂僃傾傪僟僂儞儘乕僪偟偰偔偩偝偄丅

ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/subsystems/quota/all.tar.gz

(栿拲丗嵟嬤偺僨傿僗僩儕價儏乕僔儑儞傪偍巊偄偺応崌丄quota 娭學偺僜僼僩僂
僃傾偼婛偵僀儞僗僩乕儖偝傟偰偄傞応崌偑懡偄偲巚傢傟傑偡丅側偵傇傫屆偄暥
彂 (1997擭8寧) 偺東栿側偺偱丄偙偺偁偨傝偼偛梕幫偔偩偝偄丅師復偺堦復偐傜
嶰復偵偮偄偰傕丄晄梫側応崌偑偁傞偐傕偟傟傑偣傫丅)

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4. quota 偺愝掕 - 僷乕僩1丗婎杮愝掕

4.1. 僇乕僱儖偺嵞峔抸

僇乕僱儖嵞峔抸偺嵺偵 quota support 偱 y 偲僞僀僾偟偰丄quota 傪桳岠偵偟
傑偡丅

  Quota support (CONFIG_QUOTA) [n] y                                   

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4.2. quota 僜僼僩僂僃傾偺僐儞僷僀儖偲僀儞僗僩乕儖

quota 僜僼僩僂僃傾偼丄埲壓偱擖庤偱偒傑偡丅

ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/subsystems/quota/all.tar.gz

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4.3. 僔僗僥儉偺 init 僗僋儕僾僩傪曇廤偟丄婲摦帪偵 quota 傪僠僃僢僋偟丄
quota 傪僆儞偵偡傞

埲壓偑丄偦偺愝掕椺偱偡丅

  # Check quota and then turn quota on.                                
  if [ -x /usr/sbin/quotacheck ]                                       
          then                                                         
                 echo "Checking quotas. This may take some time."      
                 /usr/sbin/quotacheck -avug                            
                 echo " Done."                                         
          fi                                                           
           if [ -x /usr/sbin/quotaon ]                                 
          then                                                         
                  echo "Turning on quota."                             
                  /usr/sbin/quotaon -avug                              
          fi                                                           

 

曇廤偺嵺偵偼丄廳梫側儖乕儖偑偁傝傑偡丅quota 偼丄/etc/fstab 偵婰嵹偝傟偨
僼傽僀儖僔僗僥儉偑偡傋偰儅僂儞僩偝傟偰偐傜丄婲摦偡傋偟丄偲偄偆偙偲偱偡
丅偱側偄偲丄quota 偼桳岠偵側傝傑偣傫丅僔僗僥儉偺 init 僗僋儕僾僩偺嵟屻
偺晹暘偱 quota 傪婲摦偡傞偐丄傕偟偔偼丄僼傽僀儖僔僗僥儉偑儅僂儞僩偝傟傞
売強偺捈屻偱 quota 傪婲摦偡傞偙偲傪偍偡偡傔偟傑偡丅

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4.4. /etc/fstab 偺曇廤

僷乕僥傿僔儑儞忋偱 quota 偺愝掕傪傑偩桳岠偵偟偰偄側偄応崌丄/etc/fstab
偼師偺傛偆偵側偭偰偄傞偲巚偄傑偡丅

  /dev/hda1       /       ext2    defaults        1       1            
  /dev/hda2       /usr    ext2    defaults        1       1            

 

僼傽僀儖僔僗僥儉忋偱儐乕僓 quota 傪桳岠偵偡傞偵偼丄"defaults" 偲偄偆扨
岅偑彂偐傟偰偄傞 4 偮傔偺僼傿乕儖僪偵 "userquota" 偲晅偗壛偊傑偡 (徻嵶
偼丄fstab 偺儅僯儏傾儖儁乕僕傪偛棗偔偩偝偄)丅

  /dev/hda1       /       ext2    defaults        1       1            
  /dev/hda2       /usr    ext2    defaults,usrquota       1       1    

 

僌儖乕僾 quota 傪桳岠偵偡傞応崌偵偼丄"userquota" 傪 "grpquota" 偵抲偒姺
偊偰偔偩偝偄丅

  /dev/hda1       /       ext2    defaults        1       1            
  /dev/hda2       /usr    ext2    defaults,grpquota       1       1    

 

儐乕僓 quota 偲僌儖乕僾 quota 偺椉曽傪桳岠偵偡傞応崌偼丄師偺傛偆偵側傝
傑偡丅

  /dev/hda1       /       ext2    defaults        1       1             
  /dev/hda2       /usr    ext2    defaults,usrquota,grpquota       1   1

 

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4.5. quota 婰榐僼傽僀儖 "quota.user" 偲 "quota.group" 傪嶌惉偡傞

quota.user 偲 quota.group 偲偄偆 quota 婰榐僼傽僀儖 (quota record file)
偼丄椉曽偲傕 root 傪僼傽僀儖強桳幰偲偟丄root 偩偗偵 read-write 僷乕儈僢
僔儑儞傪愝掕偟偨忋偱丄偦傟埲奜偺儐乕僓偼偄偭偝偄撉傒彂偒幚峴偱偒側偄傛
偆偵偟傑偡丅

傑偢丄root 偱儘僌僀儞偟傑偡丅偦偟偰丄quota 傪桳岠偵偟偨偄僷乕僥傿僔儑儞
偺儖乕僩僨傿儗僋僩儕偵堏摦偟丄quota.user 偲 quota.group 傪師偺傛偆偵嶌
惉偟傑偡丅

  touch /partition/quota.user                                          
  touch /partition/quota.group                                         
  chmod 600 /partition/quota.user                                      
  chmod 600 /partition/quota.group                                     

 

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4.6. 儕僽乕僩

埲忋偱儕僽乕僩偟偰丄偙傟傑偱峴偭偨愝掕傪桳岠偵偟傑偡丅

偙傟埲崀丄quota 傪桳岠偵偟偨偄僷乕僥傿僔儑儞偑弌偰偒偨応崌丄昁梫側愝掕
偼忋婰庤弴偺 4, 5, 6 偩偗偲側傝傑偡丅

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5. quota 偺愝掕 - 僷乕僩2丗儐乕僓偲僌儖乕僾偵 quota 傪妱傝摉偰傞

quota 偺妱傝摉偰偵偼丄edquota 僐儅儞僪傪巊偄傑偡 (徻嵶偼丄edquota 僐儅
儞僪偺儅僯儏傾儖儁乕僕傪偛棗壓偝偄)丅

挊幰偼丄晛抜丄quota 偺曇廤傪偡傞慜偵丄quotacheck 傪 -avug 僼儔僌傪晅偗
偰幚峴偟丄僼傽僀儖僔僗僥儉偺嵟怴偺棙梡忬嫷傪尒傞傛偆偵偟偰偄傑偡丅偨偩
丄偙傟偼屄恖揑側廗姷偵偡偓側偄偺偱丄昁恵偱偼偁傝傑偣傫丅

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5.1. 摿掕偺儐乕僓偵 quota 傪妱傝摉偰傞

埲壓偵椺戣傪帵偟傑偡丅偙偙偱偼丄僔僗僥儉忋偵 bob 偲偄偆儘僌僀儞 id 傪帩
偭偨儐乕僓偑偄傞偲偟傑偡丅"edquota -u bob" 偲偄偆僐儅儞僪傪幚峴偡傞偲
vi (傕偟偔偼丄娐嫬曄悢 $EDITOR 偱巜掕偝傟偨僄僨傿僞) 偑奐偒傑偡丅偦偙偵
丄quota 愝掕偑壜擻側屄乆偺僷乕僥傿僔儑儞偦傟偧傟偵偮偄偰偺丄儐乕僓 bob
偺 quota 傪婰弎偟傑偡丅

  Quotas for user bob:                                                 
  /dev/hda2: blocks in use: 2594, limits (soft = 5000, hard = 6500)    
             inodes in use: 356, limits (soft = 1000, hard = 1500)     

 

忋婰偺 "blocks in use" 偲偄偆偺偼丄偦偺儐乕僓偑偦偺僷乕僥傿僔儑儞忋偱婛
偵徚旓偟偰偄傞僽儘僢僋偺憤悢傪帵偟偰偄傑偡丅

"inodes in use" 偲偄偆偺偼丄偦偺儐乕僓偑偦偺僷乕僥傿僔儑儞忋偵曐帩偡傞
僼傽僀儖偺憤悢傪帵偟偰偄傑偡丅

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5.2. 摿掕偺僌儖乕僾偵 quota 傪妱傝摉偰傞

師偼丄僔僗僥儉忋偵 games 偲偄偆僌儖乕僾偑偄偨偲偟傑偡丅"edquota -u
games" 偲偄偆僐儅儞僪傪幚峴偡傞偲丄嵞搙 vi 僄僨傿僞偑奐偔偺偱丄偦偙偵僌
儖乕僾 games 偺 quota 傪婰弎偟傑偡丅

  Quotas for group games:                                              
  /dev/hda4: blocks in use: 5799, limits (soft = 8000, hard = 10000)   
             inodes in use: 1454, limits (soft = 3000, hard = 4000)    

 

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5.3. 摨偠抣傪堦楢偺儐乕僓偵妱傝摉偰傞

椺偊偽僔僗僥儉忋偺 100 恖偺儐乕僓偵懳偟偰丄儐乕僓 bob 偲摨偠抣偺 quota
傪偡偽傗偔妱傝摉偰傞傛偆偲偡傞応崌丄挊幰側傜丄傑偢 bob 偺 quota 忣曬傪
庤摦偱擖椡偟偰偐傜丄師偺僐儅儞僪傪幚峴偟傑偡丅

  edquota -p bob `awk -F: '$3 > 499 {print $1}' /etc/passwd`           

 

忋婰僐儅儞僪偼丄csh 傪巊偭偰偄傞偙偲丄偍傛傃堦楢偺儐乕僓偺儐乕僓 ID 偑
500 斣偐傜巒傑偭偰偄傞偙偲偑慜採偵側偭偰偄傑偡丅

edquota 僐儅儞僪埲奜偵傕丄抦偭偰偄側偗傟偽側傜側偄梡岅偑 3 偮偁傝傑偡丅
僜僼僩儕儈僢僩 (Soft Limit)丄僴乕僪儕儈僢僩 (Hard Limit)丄桺梊婜娫
(Grace Period) 偱偡丅

劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒

5.4. 僜僼僩儕儈僢僩

僜僼僩儕儈僢僩 (Soft Limit) 偲偼丄quota 偺儐乕僓偑偦偺僷乕僥傿僔儑儞忋
偱愯傔傞偙偲偑偱偒傞嵟戝僨傿僗僋梕検傪帵偡傕偺偱偡丅桺梊婜娫 (grace
period) 偲慻傒崌傢偣傞偙偲偱丄僜僼僩儕儈僢僩偼丄儐乕僓偵懳偡傞儃乕僟乕
儔僀儞偲偟偰婡擻偟傑偡丅偡側傢偪丄偦偺儃乕僟乕傪墇偊偨帪揰偱丄儐乕僓偵
懳偟偰丄尰嵼 quota 惂尷堘斀偲側偭偰偄傞巪偺寈崘偑敪偣傜傟傑偡丅

劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒

5.5. 僴乕僪儕儈僢僩

僴乕僪儕儈僢僩 (Hard Limit) 偼丄桺梊婜娫 (grace period) 偺宱夁拞偵偺傒
婡擻偟傑偡丅偙傟偼丄僨傿僗僋巊梡検偺愨懳揑側惂尷偱偁傝丄quota 偺儐乕僓
偼偙偺僴乕僪儕儈僢僩傪寛偟偰墇偊傞偙偲偼偱偒傑偣傫丅

劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒

5.6. 桺梊婜娫

桺梊婜娫 (grace period) 偲偼丄惂尷帪娫偺偙偲偱偁傝丄偙傟傪墇偊傞偲丄
quota 傪桳岠偵偟偨僼傽僀儖僔僗僥儉忋偱丄僜僼僩儕儈僢僩偑嫮惂揑偵幚峴偝
傟傑偡丅偙傟偼丄僐儅儞僪 "edquota -t" 傪巊偭偰愝掕偡傞傛偆偵側偭偰偄偰
丄帪娫娫妘偲偟偰偼丄昩(sec)丄暘(min)丄帪(hour)丄擔(day)丄廡(week)丄寧
(month) 偑巊偊傑偡丅埲壓偵丄僐儅儞僪 "edquota -t" 傪巊偭偨嵺偵昞帵偝傟
傞夋柺傪帵偟傑偡丅

  Time units may be: days, hours, minutes, or seconds                  
  Grace period before enforcing soft limits for users:                 
  /dev/hda2: block grace period: 0 days, file grace period: 0 days     

 

忋婰偺 0 days 偺晹暘傪揔摉側娫妘偵抲偒姺偊偰偔偩偝偄丅挊幰偼丄屄恖揑偵
7 days (傕偟偔偼 1 week) 傪慖傇傛偆偵偟偰偄傑偡丅

劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒

6. 庬乆偺 quota 僐儅儞僪

6.1. quotacheck

quotacheck 偼丄偁傞僼傽僀儖僔僗僥儉偺僨傿僗僋棙梡忬嫷傪僗僉儍儞偟丄
quota 婰榐僼傽僀儖偱偁傞 quota.user 傪嵟怴偺忬懺偵峏怴偡傞嵺偵巊梡偟傑
偡丅僔僗僥儉婲摦帪偵 quotacheck 傪憱傜偣傞偐丄cron 僕儑僽偲偟偰掕婜揑偵
幚峴偡傞 (椺偊偽丄枅廡偲偐) 偙偲傪偍偡偡傔偟傑偡丅

劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒

6.2. repquota

repquota 偼丄偁傞僼傽僀儖僔僗僥儉偵娭偡傞 quota 忣曬傪廤寁昞帵偡傞傕偺
偱偡丅埲壓偼丄repquota 偺僒儞僾儖弌椡偱偡丅

  # repquota -a                                                                 
                                Block limits               File limits          
        User            used    soft    hard  grace    used  soft  hard  grace  
        root      --  175419       0       0          14679     0     0         
        bin       --   18000       0       0            735     0     0         
        uucp      --     729       0       0             23     0     0         
        man       --      57       0       0             10     0     0         
        user1     --   13046   15360   19200            806  1500  2250         
        user2     --    2838    5120    6400            377  1000  1500         

 

劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒

6.3. quotaon 偲 quotaoff

quotaon 偼丄quota 婡擻傪僆儞偵偡傞傕偺偱丄quotaoff 偼偦傟傪僆僼偵偡傞傕
偺偱偡丅幚嵺偵偼丄椉曽偺僐儅儞僪僼傽僀儖偼旕忢偵帡捠偭偰偄傑偡丅偙傟傜
偼丄僔僗僥儉偺婲摦帪偲廔椆帪偵幚峴偝傟傑偡丅

劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒劒

7. 擔杮岅栿偵偮偄偰

擔杮岅栿偵偮偄偰偺偍栤偄崌傢偣偼丄 morioka@i.h.kyoto-u.ac.jp 偵憲偭偰偄
偨偩偒偨偄丅

擔杮岅栿偺嶌惉偵偁偨傝 Linux-JF 僾儘僕僃僋僩偺埲壓偺曽乆偐傜懡偔偺彆尵
傪偄偨偩偒傑偟偨丅偁傝偑偲偆偛偞偄傑偟偨丅

峳栘偝傫     yasu@mizuno.riec.tohoku.ac.jp                    
埳摗偝傫     nozomi@biol.tsukuba.ac.jp                        
彫栰偝傫     ono@jf.gee.kyoto-u.ac.jp                         
彫搰偝傫     isle@st.rim.or.jp/kojima@criepi.denken.or.jp     
彫椦偝傫     daihei@hucom.co.jp                               
sugawara偝傫 hiro@lynx.com                                    
dezawa偝傫   dezawa@miya.fujifilm.co.jp                       
拞扟偝傫     jeanne@mbox.kyoto-inet.or.jp                     
拞栰偝傫     nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp/pfg03175@niftyserve.or.jp
媑嶳偝傫     yosshy@jedi.seg.kobe-u.ac.jp                     

栿丗 庣壀懢榊                 morioka@i.h.kyoto-u.ac.jp/               
                              t-morioka@nri.co.jp                      
     1997.01.13(寧) 18:14:43                                           
     JST                                                               

峏怴丗 愮扷桾巌     ysendda@pop01.odn.ne.jp (2001/09/15)
峑惓丗 岾揷偁偒傂偙 coda@post.kek.jp                    

