Speech Recognition HOWTO

Stephen Cook

                scook@gear21.com
            

暈晹崅帒 - 擔杮岅栿

    htakashi@yabumi.com
  

Revision History                                                        
Revision v2.0        April 19, 2002              Revised by: scc        
Changed license information (now GFDL) and added a new publication.     
Revision v1.2        February 5, 2002            Revised by: scc        
Added more commercial software listings (sent by Mayur Patel).          
Revision v1.1        October 5, 2001             Revised by: scc        
Added info for Vocalis Speechware. Fixed/Updated various other items.   
Revision v1.0        November 20, 2000           Revised by: scc        
Added info on L and H and HTK                                           
Revision v0.5        September 13, 2000          Revised by: scc        
Initial HOWTO Submission                                                

Linux 忋偱偺帺摦壒惡擣幆 (ASR) 偑娙扨偵側傝偮偮偁傝傑偡. 奐敪幰偩偗偱側
偔儐乕僓偱傕擖庤壜擻側傕偺傕偁傝傑偡. 偙偺暥彂偱偼, 壒惡擣幆偺婎慴偲擖
庤壜擻側壒惡擣幆僜僼僩僂僃傾偵偮偄偰婰弎偟傑偡.

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Table of Contents
1. 朄揑側拲堄
   
    1.1. 挊嶌尃/儔僀僙儞僗
    1.2. 柶愑
    1.3. 彜昗
   
2. 慜抲偒
   
    2.1.  
    2.2. 幱帿
    2.3. 僐儊儞僩/嵟怴忣曬/僼傿乕僪僶僢僋
    2.4. ToDo
    2.5. 夵掶棜楌
   
3. 偼偠傔偵
   
    3.1. 壒惡擣幆偺婎慴
    3.2. 壒惡擣幆偺僞僀僾
    3.3. 棙梡朄偲墳梡
   
4. 僴乕僪僂僃傾
   
    4.1. 僒僂儞僪僇乕僪
    4.2. 儅僀僋
    4.3. 僐儞僺儏乕僞/僾儘僙僢僒
   
5. 壒惡擣幆僜僼僩僂僃傾
   
    5.1. 僼儕乕僜僼僩僂僃傾
    5.2. 彜梡僜僼僩僂僃傾
   
6. 壒惡擣幆偺撪懁
   
    6.1. 偳偺傛偆偵擣幆偟偰偄傞偐
    6.2. 僨傿僕僞儖僆乕僨傿僆偺婎慴
   
7. 弌斉暔
   
    7.1. 彂愋
    7.2. 僀儞僞乕僱僢僩
   
8. 擔杮岅栿偵偮偄偰

1. 朄揑側拲堄

1.1. 挊嶌尃/儔僀僙儞僗

(栿拲: 尨暥傪巆偟傑偡.)

Copyright (c) 2000-2002 Stephen C. Cook. Permission is granted to copy,
distribute, and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free
Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by
the Free Software Foundation.

偙偺暥彂傪Free Software Foundation 偑敪峴偡傞 GNU Free Documentation
License 偺 1.1 偁傞偄偼偦傟埲崀偺僶乕僕儑儞偺忦審偺傕偲偱, 暋惢, 攝晍,
廋惓偡傞偙偲偑嫋壜偝傟偰偄傑偡.

This document is made available under the terms of the GNU Free
Documentation License (GFDL) <http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html>,
which is hereby incorporated by reference.

偙偺暥彂偼 GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) <http://www.gnu.org/
copyleft/fdl.html>偺忦審偺尦偱擖庤壜擻偵側偭偰偄傑偡. 偙偙偱儔僀僙儞僗
傊偺儕儞僋傪嫇偘偰, 摨暥彂傪揧晅偟偨傕偺偲偟傑偡.

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1.2. 柶愑

(栿拲: 尨暥傪巆偟傑偡.)

The author disclaims all warranties with regard to this document,
including all implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
certain purpose; in no event shall the author be liable for any
special, indirect or consequential damages or any damages whatsoever
resulting from loss of use, data or profits, whether in an action of
contract, negligence or other tortious action, arising out of or in
connection with the use of this document.

挊幰偼, 慡偰偺彜峴堊偑壜擻偱偁傞偙偲偺埫栙偺曐徹, 偁傞栚揑傊揔崌偡傞偙
偲傪娷傔偰偙偺暥彂偵娭偡傞慡偰偺曐徹傪曻婞偟傑偡; 偳偺傛偆側弌棃帠偑偁
偭偰傕, 偙偺暥彂偺巊梡偲偺宲偑傝偺撪奜偱婲偙傞, 婯栺偺拞偺妶摦, 懹枬偁
傞偄偼懠偺晄朄峴堊偵傛傞傕偺偱偁傠偆偲, 偁傜備傞摿暿側, 娫愙揑傑偨偼,
寢壥揑側懝奞傗巊梡, 僨乕僞, 棙塿偺懝幐偵傛傞懝奞側偳偵懳偟偰嶌幰偼愑擟
傪晧偄傑偣傫.

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1.3. 彜昗

偙偺暥彂偵娷傑傟傞慡偰偺彜昗偼偦傟偧傟偺強桳幰偺挊嶌尃/搊榐彜昗偱偡.

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2. 慜抲偒

2.1.

偙偺暥彂偼壒惡擣幆偺妛廗偵嫽枴偑偁傝, 帋偟偰傒傛偆偲偟偰偄傞弶媺偐傜拞
媺儗儀儖偺 Linux 儐乕僓傪僞乕僎僢僩偵偟偰偄傑偡. 傑偨, 嫽枴傪帩偭偨奐敪
幰偺偨傔偵壒惡擣幆偵娭偡傞僾儘僌儔儈儞僌偺婎慴偵偮偄偰傕愢柧偟傑偡.

偳偺傛偆側壒惡擣幆僜僼僩僂僃傾偲奐敪梡偺儔僀僽儔儕偑 Linux 偱巊梡偱偒傞
偺偐傪挷傋巒傔偨偲偒偵偙偺暥彂傪彂偒偼偠傔傑偟偨. Linux 忋偱偺帺摦壒惡
擣幆 (ASR 傑偨偼扨偵 SR) 偼偪傚偆偳杮椞傪敪婗偟偼偠傔偨偙偲傠偱, 偙偺暥
彂偱惓偟偄曽岦傊屻墴偟偱偒傞偙偲傪婅偭偰偄傑偡 - ASR 媄弍偺儐乕僓偲奐敪
幰偺椉曽傪僒億乕僩偡傞偙偲偱.  

偙偺暥彂偼 SR 偺媄弍偵偮偄偰偼怗傟偰偄傑偣傫, 偦偺戙傝偵 "HOWTO" 偲偄偆
懁柺偵廤拞偟偰偄傑偡 (偙傟偼 HOWTO 偱偡偐傜乧). 偙偙偱僇僶乕偱偒偰偄側
偄偙偲偵偮偄偰偼, 嫽枴傪帩偭偨撉幰偑杮傗婰帠傪扵偣傞傛偆偵弌斉暔偺愡傪
梡堄偟傑偟偨. 偙傟偑Linux 忋偺 ASR 偵偮偄偰偺嵟廔揑側曬崘偲偄偆偙偲偱偼
偁傝傑偣傫.

偙偺暥彂偺嵟怴斉偼, LDP 偺傾乕僇僀僽傪僠僃僢僋偡傞偐, http://
www.gear21.com/speech/index.html偐傜擖庤偟偰偔偩偝偄.

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2.2. 幱帿

偙偺暥彂傪尒捈偟, 墖彆偟偰偔偩偝偭偨埲壓偺恖乆偵姶幱偟傑偡:

 丒 Jessica Perry Hekman
   
 丒 Geoff Wexler
   
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2.3. 僐儊儞僩/嵟怴忣曬/僼傿乕僪僶僢僋

僐儊儞僩傗, 採埬, 夵掶, 嵟怴忣曬偑偁傟偽, 傑偨, 偨偩 ASR 偵偮偄偰僠儍僢
僩偟偨偄偲偒傕, 巹偺傾僪儗僗 scook@gear21.com <mailto:scook@gear21.com>
偵 Email 傪壓偝偄.

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2.4. ToDo

埲壓偺偙偲偑 "to do" 偲偟偰巆偭偰偄傑偡:

 丒 弌斉暔偺愡偵愢柧傪壛偊傞.
   
 丒 弌斉暔偺愡偵傛傝懡偔偺杮傪壛偊傞.
   
 丒 傛傝懡偔偺儕儞僋傪愢柧晅偒偱壛偊傞.
   
 丒 ASR 僔僗僥儉偺庤弴偵偮偄偰偺愢柧傪廩幚偝偣傞.
   
 丒 FFT 偲僼傿儖僞乕偺愢柧傪壛偊傞.
   
 丒 DSP 偺尨棟偺愢柧傪壛偊傞.
   
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2.5. 夵掶棜楌

v0.1 嵟弶偺憪埬 2000擭 8寧

v0.5 嵟廔憪埬 2000擭 9寧

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3. 偼偠傔偵

3.1. 壒惡擣幆偺婎慴

壒惡擣幆偲偼, 僐儞僺儏乕僞 (偁傞偄偼懠偺僞僀僾偺婡夿) 偑榖偟尵梩傪擣幆
偡傞張棟偱偡. 婎杮揑偵偼, 僐儞僺儏乕僞偵岦偭偰榖偟, 偦偺忋偱, 偦偺尵梩
偑僐儞僺儏乕僞偵惓偟偔擣幆偝傟傞偲偄偆堄枴偱偡.

埲壓偺掕媊偼壒惡擣幆偺媄弍傪棟夝偡傞偨傔偵昁梫側婎慴偱偡.

敪榖
   
    敪榖偼, 1偮偺堄枴傪昞偡扨岅傗偄偔偮偐偺尵梩傪僐儞僺儏乕僞偵岦偐偭偰
    敪惡偡傞 (榖偡) 偙偲偱偡. 敪榖偼扨岅偱偁偭偨傝, 尵梩偱偁偭偨傝, 暥
    偱偁偭偨傝, 偁傞偄偼暋悢偺暥偱偁偭偨傝偟傑偡.
   
榖幰傊偺埶懚
   
    榖幰偵埶懚偡傞僔僗僥儉偼摿掕偺榖幰傪懳徾偲偟偰愝寁偝傟傑偡. 偦偺僔
    僗僥儉偼堦斒偵, 偦偺摿掕偺榖幰偺敪惡偵懳偟偰偼惓妋偱偡偑, 懠偺榖幰
    偱偼惛搙偑偢偭偲埆偔側傝傑偡. 偦傟傜偼榖幰偑堦掕偺惡偲懍搙偱榖偡偙
    偲傪壖掕偟偰偄傑偡. 榖幰偵埶懚偟側偄僔僗僥儉偼條乆側榖幰偵岦偗偰愝
    寁偝傟傑偡. 弴墳惈偺偁傞僔僗僥儉偼晛捠, 榖幰偵埶懚偟側偄僔僗僥儉偲
    偟偰僗僞乕僩偟, 妛廗媄弍傪棙梡偟偰擣幆惛搙傪崅傔傞偙偲偱榖幰偵揔墳
    偟偰偄偒傑偡.
   
岅渂
   
    岅渂 (偁傞偄偼帿彂) 偲偼, SR 僔僗僥儉偵擣幆偝傟傞偨傔偺尵梩傗敪榖偺
    儕僗僩偱偡. 堦斒偵, 僐儞僺儏乕僞偵偲偭偰偼彮側偄岅渂偺傎偆偑擣幆偟
    傗偡偔, 岅渂偑懡偔側傞傎偳擣幆偑崲擄偵側傝傑偡. 晛捠偺帿彂偲偼堎側
    傝, 偦傟偧傟偺崁栚偼扨岅偱偼偁傝傑偣傫. 偦傟傜偼暥傗暥復傎偳挿偔側
    傞偙偲傕偁傝傑偡. 彮側偄岅渂偼1偮偐2偮偺擣幆偝傟偨暥 (椺偊偽 "Wake
    up") 偟偐側偄偐傕偟傟傑偣傫偑, 偲偰傕懡偄岅渂偱偼 10 枩岅埲忋偲側傝
    傑偡.
   
惛搙
   
    擣幆憰抲偺擻椡偼偦偺惛搙傪應掕偡傞偙偲偵傛偭偰, 偁傞偄偼傑偨, 榖偝
    傟偨尵梩傪偳傟偔傜偄擣幆偡傞偐偵傛偭偰挷傋傞偙偲偑偱偒傑偡. 偙傟偼
    敪榖傪惓妋偵摿掕偡傞偩偗偱側偔, 敪榖偑岅渂偵娷傑傟偰偄傞偐偳偆偐傪
    摿掕偡傞偙偲傕娷傫偱偄傑偡. 椙偄 ASR 僔僗僥儉偼 98% 埲忋偺惛搙偑偁
    傝傑偡. 偁傞僔僗僥儉偺惛搙偺嫋梕斖埻偼偦偺梡搑偵嫮偔埶懚偟傑偡.
   
妛廗
   
    榖幰偵弴墳偡傞擻椡傪帩偮壒惡擣幆傕偁傝傑偡. 僔僗僥儉偑偙偺擻椡傪傕
    偭偰偄傞偲偒偼, 妛廗偝偣傞偙偲偑偱偒傑偡. ASR 僔僗僥儉偼榖幰偵昗弨
    揑側尵梩傗堦斒揑側尵梩傪孞傝曉偝偣, 斾妑偺傾儖僑儕僘儉傪摿掕偺榖幰
    偵挷榓偡傞偙偲偱妛廗偝傟傑偡. 堦斒偵擣幆憰抲傪妛廗偝偣傞偙偲偱, 偦
    偺惛搙偼岦忋偟傑偡.
   
    妛廗偼, 榖偟曽傗偁傞庬偺扨岅偺敪壒偑偆傑偔偱偒側偄榖幰偵傕棙梡偝傟
    傑偡. 榖幰偑庱旜堦娧偟偰敪榖傪孞傝曉偡尷傝, 妛廗婡擻偺偁傞 ASR 僔僗
    僥儉偼揔墳偡傞偙偲偑壜擻偱偟傚偆.
   
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3.2. 壒惡擣幆偺僞僀僾

壒惡擣幆偺僔僗僥儉偼, 偳偺傛偆側僞僀僾偺敪榖傪擣幆偡傞擻椡傪帩偭偰偄傞
偐偵傛偭偰, 婔偮偐偺僋儔僗偵暘椶偡傞偙偲偑偱偒傑偡. 偙偺傛偆側僋儔僗偼
榖幰偑偄偮敪榖傪巒傔, 偄偮廔偊偨偺偐傪應掕偡傞擻椡偑 ASR 偺擄偟偝偺 1偮
偱偁傞偲偄偆帠幚偵婎偯偄偰偄傑偡. 懡偔偺僷僢働乕僕偑巊梡拞偺儌乕僪偵傛
偭偰, 暋悢偺僋儔僗偵揔崌偟傑偡.

屒棫偟偨尵梩
   
    屒棫偟偨尵梩偺擣幆偵偼, 偦傟偧傟偺敪榖偛偲偵僒儞僾儖僂傿儞僪僂 (僒
    儞僾儖偺奐巒偐傜廔椆偺婜娫)偺慜屻偵壒偺側偄帪娫 (僆乕僨傿僆怣崋偺柍
    偄忬懺)偑昁梫偲側傝傑偡. 擣幆憰抲偑扨岅傪庴偗庢傞偲偄偆傢偗偱側偔堦
    搙偵偼敪榖偼堦偮偲偄偆堄枴偱偡. 偙偺僔僗僥儉偱偼晛捠側偺偱偡偑,
    ``壒惡擖椡忬懺 / 擣幆忬懺'' 偲偄偆 2 偮偺忬懺偑偁傞偨傔丆榖幰偼偲偓
    傟偲偓傟偵榖偝側偗傟偽側傝傑偣傫 (惡偑偲偓傟偨偲偒偵擣幆張棟傪偟偰
    偄傑偡). 屒棫偟偨敪榖偼偙偺僋儔僗偱偼傛傝椙偄柤慜偐傕偟傟傑偣傫.
   
楢懕偟偨尵梩
   
    楢懕偟偨尵梩 (偁傞偄偼傛傝惓妋偵 '楢懕偟偨敪榖') 偺僔僗僥儉偼屒棫偟
    偨尵梩偺僔僗僥儉偵帡偰偄傑偡偑, 娫偵嵟抁偺媥巭傪偼偝傒側偑傜 '懕偗
    偰敪惡偝傟傞' 屄暿偺敪榖傪擣幆偟傑偡.
   
楢懕偟偨壒惡
   
    楢懕偟偨擣幆偑師偺僗僥僢僾偱偡. 楢懕偟偨壒惡傪擣幆偱偒傞憰抲偼嵟傕
    嶌傝偵偔偄傕偺偱偡, 側偤側傜敪榖偺嫬奅傪摿掕偡傞偨傔偵摿庩側曽朄傪
    巊梡偟側偗傟偽側傜側偄偐傜偱偡. 楢懕偟偨壒惡擣幆憰抲偼儐乕僓偵傎偲
    傫偳帺慠偵榖偡偙偲傪嫋偟傑偡, 堦曽偱僐儞僺儏乕僞偑撪梕傪摿掕偟傑偡.
    婎杮揑偵, 偦傟偼僐儞僺儏乕僞偺彂偒庢傝偱偡.
   
帺慠側壒惡
   
    幚嵺偵帺慠側壒惡偑壗偱偁傞偐偺掕媊偼偝傑偞傑偁傞傛偆偱偡. 婎杮揑側
    抜奒偱偼, 偦傟偼帺慠側壒偺敪惗偱偁偭偰孞傝曉偝傟傞傕偺偱偼側偄偲偄
    偆峫偊偱偁傞偐傕偟傟傑偣傫. 帺慠側壒惡偺婡擻傪旛偊偨 ASR 僔僗僥儉偼
    "ums" 偲 "ahs" 側偳, 崿崌偝傟偨尵梩側偳偺偝傑偞傑側帺慠偺壒惡偺摿挜
    傗, 旝偐側岥偛傕傝偝偊, 埖偆偙偲偑壜擻偱偟傚偆.
   
壒惡徠崌/幆暿
   
    偄偔偮偐偺 ASR 僔僗僥儉偼摿掕偺儐乕僓傪幆暿偡傞婡擻傪帩偭偰偄傑偡.
    偙偺暥彂偱偼徠崌傗僙僉儏儕僥傿偺偨傔偺僔僗僥儉偵偮偄偰偼埖偄傑偣傫.
   
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3.3. 棙梡朄偲墳梡

僐儞僺儏乕僞偲恖娫傪拠夘偡傞巇帠慡斒偵偍偄偰, ASR 偺弌斣偑偁傞偐傕偟傟
傑偣傫. 尰嵼偼壓婰偵嫇偘偨傾僾儕働乕僔儑儞偑堦斒揑偱偡.

彂偒庢傝
   
    彂偒庢傝偼, 崱擔嵟傕堦斒揑側 ASR 僔僗僥儉偺巊梡朄偱偡. 偙傟偼堦斒偺
    暥彂張棟偲摨條偵堛妛婰榐揮幨傗, 朄棩傗巇帠偺彂偒庢傝傕娷傒傑偡. 僔
    僗僥儉偺惛搙傪岦忋偝偣傞偨傔偵, 摿暿側岅渂偑巊傢傟傞応崌傕偁傝傑偡.
   
壒惡柦椷僔僗僥儉
   
    僐儞僺儏乕僞偺僐儅儞僪傪幚峴偡傞 ASR 僔僗僥儉偺偙偲傪, 壒惡柦椷僔僗
    僥儉偲掕媊偟傑偡. "Open Netscape" 傗 "Start a new xterm" 偺傛偆偵壒
    惡偱柦椷偡傞偲, 敪榖偳偍傝偺僐儅儞僪偑幚峴偝傟傑偡.
   
揹榖
   
    偄偔偮偐偺 PBX/Voice 儊乕儖僔僗僥儉偼, 儃僞儞傪墴偡偐傢傝偵僐儅儞僪
    傪榖偡偙偲偱揹榖傪偐偗傜傟傑偡.
   
実懷婡婍
   
    擖椡庤抜偑尷掕偝傟偰偄傞実懷婡婍偱偼, 榖偡偙偲偼摉慠壜擻偱偡.
   
堛椕/僴儞僨傿僉儍僢僾
   
    懡偔偺恖偑, 斀暅塣摦夁懡懝彎 (RSI), 嬝僕僗僩儘僼傿乕側偳偺傛偆側恎
    懱揑側惂尷偺偨傔偵僞僀僺儞僌偵栤戣傪書偊偰偄傑偡. 椺偊偽挳妎偵栤戣
    偺偁傞恖偼, 憡庤偺惡傪僥僉僗僩偵曄偊傞偨傔偵揹榖偵愙懕偝傟偨僔僗僥
    儉傪巊梡偱偒傞偱偟傚偆.
   
慻傒崬傒傾僾儕働乕僔儑儞
   
    怴偟偄実懷揹榖偺側偐偵偼 "Call Home" 偺傛偆側敪榖傪夝庍偡傞 C&C 壒
    惡擣幆傪旛偊偨傕偺傕偁傝傑偡. 偙傟偼彨棃偺 ASR 偲 Linux 偺庡梫帠崁
    偲側傞偐傕偟傟傑偣傫. 側偤巹偼傑偩僥儗價偵榖偟偐偗傜傟側偄偺偱偟傚
    偆偐?
   
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4. 僴乕僪僂僃傾

4.1. 僒僂儞僪僇乕僪

壒惡偼斾妑揑掅偄懷堟暆傪昁梫偲偡傞偺偱, 拞掱搙偐傜崅昳幙偺 16 價僢僩僒
僂儞僪僇乕僪側傜巊偊傞偱偟傚偆. 僇乕僱儖偱僒僂儞僪傪桳岠偵偟偰惓偟偄僪
儔僀僶傪僀儞僗僩乕儖偟側偗傟偽側傝傑偣傫. 僒僂儞僪僇乕僪偵偮偄偰偺偙傟
埲忋偺忣曬偼 http://www.LinuxDoc.org/ 偵偁傞 "The Linux Sound HOWTO" 傪
尒偰偔偩偝偄. 僒僂儞僪僇乕僪偺昳幙偵偮偄偰偼惛搙偲僲僀僘偺塭嬁偵偮偄偰,
偟偽偟偽媍榑偑傑偒婲偙傝傑偡.

嵟傕鉟楉側 A/D (傾僫儘僌偐傜僨傿僕僞儖) 傊偺曄姺婡擻傪帩偭偨僒僂儞僪僇
乕僪傪姪傔傑偡偑, 偟偽偟偽僨傿僕僞儖僒儞僾儖偺柧椖偝偼儅僀僋偺惈擻偵埶
懚偟, 廃埻偺僲僀僘偵偼偄偭偦偆戝偒偔埶懚偟傑偡. 儌僯僞傗, PCI 僗儘僢僩,
僴乕僪僨傿僗僋側偳偐傜偺揹婥怣崋揑側僲僀僘偼傆偮偆, 僐儞僺儏乕僞偺僼傽
儞傗堉巕偺偒偟傓壒, 屇媧偐傜暦偙偊傞僲僀僘偵斾傋偰彫偝側傕偺偱偡.

ASR 僜僼僩僂僃傾僷僢働乕僕偵偼摿掕偺僒僂儞僪僇乕僪傪昁梫偲偡傞傕偺偑偁
傝傑偡. 摿掕偺僴乕僪僂僃傾傊偺埶懚傪旔偗傞偺偼捠忢椙偄偙偲偱偡, 側偤側
傜彨棃偺慖戰巿傪嫹傔偰偟傑偆偐傜偱偡. 傕偟揔愗偵摦嶌偡傞偨傔偵偼摿暿側
僴乕僪僂僃傾偑昁梫偲側傞傛偆側僷僢働乕僕傪峫偊偰偄傞偺側傜, 偁側偨偼棙
塿偲僐僗僩傪峫椂偟側偗傟偽側傜側偄偱偟傚偆.

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4.2. 儅僀僋

儅僀僋偺昳幙偼 ASR 傪巊偆忋偱廳梫偱偡. 懡偔偺応崌偵偍偄偰, 戩忋儅僀僋偼
偙偺巊梡朄偵岦偒傑偣傫. 廃埻偺僲僀僘傪廍偄偑偪偵側傞偺偱, ASR 僾儘僌儔
儉偑偆傑偔摦嶌偟側偄偙偲偵側傝傑偡.

儅僀僋傪偢偭偲帩偪偮偯偗偰偄傞偺偼戝曄側偺偱, 僴儞僪儅僀僋傕嵟慞偺慖戰
偱偼偁傝傑偣傫. 廃埻偺僲僀僘偺検傪梷偊側偑傜, 昿斏偵榖幰偑曄傢傞応崌傗
擣幆憰抲偵岦偭偰榖偡偙偲偑偁傑傝側偄応崌偼 (僿僢僪僙僢僩傪晅偗傞偙偲傕
慖戰偱偒側偄偲偒) 嵟傕曋棙偱偡.

抐慠恖婥偺偁傞堦斣傛偄慖戰偼僿僢僪僙僢僩偱偡. 偦傟傪巊偊偽, 偄偮傕偁側
偨偺岥傕偲偵儅僀僋傪抲偄偨傑傑偱傕, 廃埻偺憶壒傪嵟彫偵梷偊傞偙偲偑偱偒
傑偡. 僿僢僪僙僢僩偼僀傾儂儞偺柍偄傕偺偲偁傞傕偺 (儌僲儔儖偐僗僥儗僆偐)
傕偁傝傑偡. 僗僥儗僆偺僿僢僪儂儞傪姪傔傑偡偑, 偦傟偼屄恖偺岲傒偺栤戣偱
偡.

$25 偐傜 $100 偔傜偄偱慺惏傜偟偄惈擻傪帩偭偨僿僢僪僙僢僩宆儅僀僋偑攦偊
傑偡. http://www.headphones.com 偐 http://www.speechcontrol.com 偐傜扵
偟偰傒偰偔偩偝偄.

儗儀儖偵偮偄偰偺抁偐偄儊儌: 儅僀僋偺儃儕儏乕儉傪忋偘傞偙偲傪朰傟側偄偱
偔偩偝偄. 偙傟偼 XMixer 偐 OSS Mixer 偺傛偆側僾儘僌儔儉傪巊偭偰峴側偆偙
偲偑偱偒傑偡, 偦偟偰僼傿乕僪僶僢僋僲僀僘傪旔偗傞傛偆偵巊梡偡傞偙偲偵拲
堄偟偰偔偩偝偄. ASR 僜僼僩僂僃傾偑帺摦挷愡僾儘僌儔儉傪娷傫偱偄傟偽, 偦
傟傜傪戙傝偵巊偭偰偔偩偝偄, 偦傟傜偼偦偺摿掕偺擣幆僔僗僥儉偵嵟揔壔偝傟
偰偄傑偡.

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4.3. 僐儞僺儏乕僞/僾儘僙僢僒

ASR 傾僾儕働乕僔儑儞偼僾儘僙僢僒偺懍搙偵嫮偔埶懚偡傞偙偲偑偁傝傑偡. 偙
傟偼 ASR 偱偼戝曄側検偺僨傿僕僞儖僼傿儖僞儕儞僌偲怣崋張棟偑婲偙傝偆傞偐
傜偱偡.

CPU 晧壸偺崅偄僜僼僩僂僃傾偲摨偠偔, 懍偄傎偳椙偔側傝傑偡. 傑偨, 儊儌儕
偑戝偒偄掱傛偔側傝傑偡. 偄偔偮偐偺 ASR 偼 100MHz 偲 16MB 偺 RAM 偱傕壜
擻偱偡偑, 崅懍偱張棟偡傞 (戝偒側帿彂傗暋嶨側擣幆僗僉乕儉, 崅僒儞僾儖儗
乕僩) 偵偼, 嵟掅偱傕 400MHz 偱 128MB 偺 RAM 偑椙偄偱偟傚偆. 昁梫偲偡傞
張棟惈擻偺娭學偱, 傎偲傫偳偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偱偼嵟彫尷偺昁梫忦審偑婰嵹偝傟
偰偄傑偡.

戝婯柾偺擣幆傪峴側偆偺偵, 僋儔僗僞 (Beowulf 傗懠傕偺傕) 傪棙梡偡傞偙偲
偼峴側傢傟偰偄傑偣傫. 恑峴拞傗奐敪拞偺僾儘僕僃僋僩傪偛懚抦側傜偍抦傜偣
偔偩偝偄. scook@gear21.com <mailto:scook@gear21.com>

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5. 壒惡擣幆僜僼僩僂僃傾

5.1. 僼儕乕僜僼僩僂僃傾

偙偙偱嫇偘傞僼儕乕僜僼僩僂僃傾偺懡偔偼, 偙偙偐傜僟僂儞儘乕僪偱偒傑偡:
http://sunsite.uio.no/pub/Linux/sound/apps/speech/

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5.1.1. XVoice

XVoice 偼偝傑偞傑側 XWindow 傾僾儕働乕僔儑儞偱巊梡偱偒傞壒惡擣幆偺僜僼
僩僂僃傾偱, 彂偒庢傝傗楢懕偟偨壒惡擣幆偑壜擻偱偡. 儐乕僓偑儅僋儘傪掕媊
偡傞偙偲傕偱偒, 妋偐側枹棃偺偁傞椙偄僾儘僌儔儉偱偡. 堦搙愝掕偡傟偽, 廩
暘側惛搙偱摦嶌偟傑偡.

XVoice 傪巊偆偨傔偵偼 IBM 偺 ViaVoice for Linux (彜梡偺愡傪尒偰偔偩偝
偄) 傪擖庤偟偰僀儞僗僩乕儖偡傞昁梫偑偁傝傑偡. 傑偨 ViaVoice 傪惓偟偔摦
嶌偝偣傞偨傔偵愝掕偑昁梫偱偡. 壛偊偰 Lesstif/Motif (libXm) 傕昁梫偱偡.
偙偺僾儘僌儔儉偼 X Window 偲傗傝偲傝偡傞偺偱, X 儕僜乕僗傪棙梡偱偒傞傛
偆偵偟偰偍偐側偗傟偽側傜側偄偙偲偵拲堄偡傞偙偲傕廳梫偱偡, 偙偺偨傔, 僱
僢僩儚乕僋偵宲偑偭偨儅僔儞傗儅儖僠儐乕僓偺儅僔儞偱巊梡偡傞偲偒偼, 婥傪
晅偗偰偔偩偝偄.

偙偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偼庡偵儐乕僓岦偗偱偡. RPM 傪擖庤偱偒傑偡.

HomePage: http://www.compapp.dcu.ie/~tdoris/Xvoice/ http://
www.zachary.com/creemer/xvoice.html

Project: http://xvoice.sourceforge.net

Community: http://www.onelist.com/community/xvoice

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5.1.2. CVoiceControl/kVoiceControl

CVoiceControl (Console Voice Control 偺棯) 偼尦乆 KVoiceControl(KDE
Voice Control) 偱偟偨. 偙偺僾儘僌儔儉偼儐乕僓偑僐儅儞僪傪榖偡偙偲偱
Linux 偺僐儅儞僪傪幚峴偱偒傞, 婎杮揑側壒惡擣幆僔僗僥儉偱偡.
CVoiceControl 偑 KVoiceControl 偵抲偒戙傢傝傑偟偨.

偙偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偵偼儅僀僋儗儀儖傪愝掕偡傞儐乕僥傿儕僥傿, 怴偟偄僐儅儞
僪偲敪榖傪捛壛偡傞偨傔偺岅渂儌僨儖僄僨傿僞, 壒惡擣幆僔僗僥儉偑娷傑傟偰
偄傑偡.

CVoiceControl 偼 ASR 傪巒傔傛偆偲偡傞宱尡朙晉側儐乕僓偵偲偭偰, 慺惏傜偟
偄弌敪揰偲側傝傑偡. 昁偢偟傕儐乕僓僼儗儞僪儕偱偁傞偲偼尵偊傑偣傫偑, 惓
偟偔妛廗偝偣傟偽, 偲偰傕栶棫偪傑偡. 僙僢僩傾僢僾傪峴偆帪偵偼僪僉儏儊儞
僩傪椙偔撉傫偱偔偩偝偄.

偙偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偼庡偵儐乕僓岦偗偱偡.

Homepage: http://www.kiecza.de/daniel/linux/index.html

Documents: http://www.kiecza.de/daniel/linux/cvoicecontrol/index.html

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5.1.3. Open Mind Speech

1999 擭屻敿偵巒傑偭偨 Open Mind Speech 偼壗搙偐柤慜傪曄偊傑偟偨 (偐偮偰
偼 VoiceControl, 偦偺屻偼 SpeechInput 偱, 偦傟偐傜 FreeSpeech 偱偡). 傑
偨崱偱偼, 僆乕僾儞僜乕僗僾儘僕僃僋僩偺 "Open Mind Initiative" 偺堦晹偱
偡. 崱偺強偼姰慡偵婡擻偡傞傢偗偱偼側偔, 庡偵奐敪幰岦偗偱偡.

偙偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偼庡偵奐敪幰偵岦偗偨傕偺偱偡.

Homepage: http://freespeech.sourceforge.net

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5.1.4. GVoice

GVoice 偼 Gtk/GNOME 傾僾儕働乕僔儑儞傪惂屼偡傞偨傔偵 IBM 偺 (僼儕乕偺)
ViaVoice SDK 傪巊梡偟偨壒惡 ASR 儔僀僽儔儕偱, 弶婜壔, 擣幆僄儞僕儞, 帿
彂憖嶌, 僷僱儖偺僐儞僩儘乕儖傪峴偆偨傔偺儔僀僽儔儕偑娷傑傟偰偄傑偡. 奐
敪偼堦擭埲忋掆懾偟偰偄傑偡.

偙偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偼庡偵奐敪幰偵岦偗偨傕偺偱偡.

Homepage: http://www.cse.ogi.edu/~omega/gnome/gvoice/

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5.1.5. ISIP

Mississippi State University 偺 Institute for Signal and Information
Processing 偼偦偺壒惡擣幆僄儞僕儞傪岞奐偟傑偟偨. 偙偺僣乕儖僉僢僩偼僼儘
儞僩僄儞僪偲僨僐乕僟乕, 偦偟偰孭楙儌僕儏乕儖傪娷傫偱偄傑偡. 偙傟偼婡擻
揑側僣乕儖僉僢僩偱偡.

偙偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偼庡偵奐敪幰偵岦偗偨傕偺偱偡.

偙偺僣乕儖僉僢僩 (偲 ISIP 偵偮偄偰偺忣曬) 偼偙偙偱擖庤偱偒傑偡: http://
www.isip.msstate.edu/project/speech/

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5.1.6. CMU Sphinx

Sphinx 偼傕偲傕偲 CMU 偱巒傔傜傟, 嵟嬤僆乕僾儞僜乕僗偲偟偰岞奐偝傟傑偟
偨. 偙傟偼懡偔偺僣乕儖偲忣曬傪娷傫偩, 偐側傝戝偒側僾儘僌儔儉偱偡. 偙傟
偼偄傑偩偵"奐敪拞"偱偡偑, 妛廗偺偨傔偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偲擣幆憰抲, 壒嬁儌僨
儖, 尵岅儌僨儖, 嶌惉拞偺暥彂傪娷傫偱偄傑偡.

偙偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偼庡偵奐敪幰偵岦偗偨傕偺偱偡.

Homepage: http://www.speech.cs.cmu.edu/sphinx/Sphinx.html

Source: http://download.sourceforge.net/cmusphinx/sphinx2-0.1a.tar.gz

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5.1.7. Ears

Ears 偺奐敪偼姰慡偱偼偁傝傑偣傫偑, ASR 傪巒傔偨偄偲巚偭偰偄傞僾儘僌儔儅
偵偼椙偄偒偭偐偗偵側傞偱偟傚偆.

偙偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偼庡偵奐敪幰偵岦偗偨傕偺偱偡.

FTP site: ftp://svr-ftp.eng.cam.ac.uk/comp.speech/recognition/

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5.1.8. NICO ANN Toolkit

NICO Artificial Neural Network toolkit偼壒惡擣幆傾僾儕働乕僔儑儞偵嵟揔
壔偝傟偨僼儗僉僔僽儖僶僢僋僾儘僷僎乕僔儑儞僯儏乕儔儖僱僢僩儚乕僋僣乕儖
僉僢僩偱偡.

偙偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偼庡偵奐敪幰偵岦偗偨傕偺偱偡.

homepage: http://www.speech.kth.se/NICO/index.html

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5.1.9. Myers' Hidden Markov Model Software

Richard Myers 偺偙偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偼 C++ 偱婰弎偝傟偨 HMM 傾儖僑儕僘儉偱
偡. 偙傟偼 L. Rabiner 偺杮偱偁傞 "Fundamentals of Speech Recognition"
偵婰弎偝傟偨 HMM 偺偨傔偺椺偲妛廗僣乕儖傪採嫙偟傑偡.

偙偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偼庡偵奐敪幰偵岦偗偨傕偺偱偡.

忣曬偼偙偙偱擖庤偱偒傑偡: http://www.itl.atr.co.jp/comp.speech/Section6
/Recognition/myers.hmm.html

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5.1.10. Jialong He's Speech Recognition Research Tool

傕偲傕偲 Linux 岦偗偵彂偐傟偨傕偺偱偼偁傝傑偣傫偑, 偙偺尋媶僣乕儖偼
Linux 偱僐儞僷僀儖偱偒傑偡. 堎側傞3偮偺僞僀僾偺擣幆憰抲傪旛偊偰偄傑偡:
DTW, Dynamic Hidden Markov Model, Continuous Density Hidden Markov
Model 偱偡. 偙傟偼尋媶偲奐敪梡偺傕偺偱, 姰慡側 ASR 僔僗僥儉偱偼偁傝傑偣
傫. 偙偺僣乕儖僉僢僩偼偄偔偮偐偺曋棙側僣乕儖傪帩偭偰偄傑偡.

偙偺僜僼僩僂僃傾偼庡偵奐敪幰偵岦偗偨傕偺偱偡.

偝傜偵懡偔偺忣曬偼偙偙偱擖庤偱偒傑偡: http://www.itl.atr.co.jp/
comp.speech/Section6/Recognition/jialong.html

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5.1.11. 傑偩懠偵傕偁傝傑偡偐?

忋婰埲奜偺傕偺傪偛懚偠側傜巹傑偱偍抦傜偣偔偩偝偄: scook@gear21.com
<mailto:scook@gear21.com>. 傕偟傛傠偟偐偭偨傜, 徯夘捀偄偨僜僼僩僂僃傾偺
僐僺乕傪擖庤偱偒傞応強傕嫵偊偰偔偩偝偄. 偝傜偵姶憐傕憲偭偰捀偗傞偲岾偄
偱偡.

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5.2. 彜梡僜僼僩僂僃傾

5.2.1. IBM ViaVoice

SDK 偺枹棃偼偳偆側傞偐傢偐傝傑偣傫偑, IBM 偼 ViaVoice 僔儕乕僘偱 Linux
傪僒億乕僩偡傞偲偄偆栺懇傪偟偰偄傑偡, (奐敪幰偲偺儔僀僙儞僗宊栺偼尰帪揰
偱偼岞幃偵偼峴傢傟偰偄傑偣傫, 傕偆彮偟愭偵側傞偱偟傚偆. )

彜梡偺 (僼儕乕偱側偄) 惢昳偱偁傞, IBM ViaVoice Dictation for Linux
(http://www-4.ibm.com/software/speech/linux/dictation.html 偐傜擖庤偱偒
傑偡) 偺惈擻偼偲偰傕椙偄偺偱偡偑, 婎杮揑側 ASR 僔僗僥儉 (64M RAM 偲
233MHz Pentium) 偵斾妑偟偰偝傜偵戝偒側僔僗僥儉傪昁梫偲偟傑偡. $59.95US
偱 Andrea NC-8 儅僀僋傕晅懏偟偰偄傑偡. 儅儖僠儐乕僓偱巊梡偡傞偙偲傕壜擻
偱偡 (偟偐偟, 巹偼儅儖僠儐乕僓偱幚尡偟偰偄側偄偺偱, 偩傟偐幚尡偟偨恖偑
偄傟偽巹偺偍偟傝傪扏偄偰偔偩偝偄). 偙偺僷僢働乕僕偼師偺傕偺傪娷傒傑偡:
暥彂 (PDF), 妛廗僣乕儖, 彂偒庢傝僔僗僥儉, 偦傟偐傜僀儞僗僩乕儖僗僋儕僾
僩. 2.2宯僇乕僱儖傪儀乕僗偵偟偨懠偺 Linux 僨傿僗僩儕價儏乕僔儑儞偺僒億
乕僩傕嵟怴偺儕儕乕僗偱偼偝傟偰偄傑偡.

偙偺 ASR SDK 偼帺桼偵擖庤偱偒, IBM 偺 SMAPI, 暥朄 API, 暥彂, 偲條乆側僒
儞僾儖僾儘僌儔儉傪娷傫偱偄傑偡. ViaVoice Run Time Kit 偼彂偒庢傝婡擻偺
偨傔偺 ASR 僄儞僕儞偲僨乕僞僼傽僀儖, 儐乕僓儐乕僥傿儕僥傿傪採嫙偟傑偡.
偙偺 ViaVoice Command & Control Run Time Kit 偼壒惡柦椷僔僗僥儉偺偨傔偺
ASR 僄儞僕儞偲僨乕僞僼傽僀儖偲儐乕僓儐乕僥傿儕僥傿傪娷傫偱偄傑偡. 偙偺
SDK 偲 Kit 偵偼 128MB 偺 RAM 偲 Linux 2.2 埲忋偑昁梫偱偡.

SDK 偲 Kit 偼偙偙偱帺桼偵擖庤偱偒傑偡: http://www-4.ibm.com/software/
speech/dev/sdk_linux.html

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5.2.2. Vocalis Speechware

Vocalis 偲 Vocalis Speechware 偵偮偄偰偺偝傜側傞忣曬偼: http://
www.vocalisspeechware.com 偲 http://www.vocalis.com. 

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5.2.3. Babel Technologies

Babel Technologies 偼 Babear 偲屇偽傟傞 Linux SDK 傪採嫙偟偰偄傑偡. 偙
傟偼 Hybrid Markov Model 偲 Artificial Neural Network 僥僋僲儘僕偵婎偯
偄偨榖幰偵埶懚偟側偄僔僗僥儉偱偡. 僥僉僗僩壒惡曄姺傗榖幰徠崌, 壒慺夝愅
偵娭偡傞偝傑偞傑側惢昳偑偁傝傑偡. 懠偺忣曬偵偮偄偰偼: http://
www.babeltech.com.

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5.2.4. SpeechWorks

斵傜偺僂僃僽僒僀僩偱偼 Linux 偵偮偄偰摿偵尵媦偟偰偄傑偣傫偑, 斵傜偺
"OpenSpeech Recognizer" 偼僆乕僾儞僗僞儞僟乕僪偱偁傞 VoiceXML 傪巊梡偟
偰偄傑偡. 懠偺忣曬偵偮偄偰偼: http://www.speechworks.com.

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5.2.5. Nuance

Nuance 偼偝傑偞傑側 *nix 僾儔僢僩僼僅乕儉梡偺壒惡擣幆/帺慠尵岅偺惢昳
(尰嵼偼 Nuance 8.0) 傪採嫙偟偰偄傑偡. 旕忢偵戝偒側岅渂傪埖偆偙偲偑壜擻
偱僗働乕儔價儕僥傿偲忈奞嫋梕偺偨傔偵摿桳偺暘嶶傾乕僉僥僋僠儍傪巊梡偟偰
偄傑偡. 懠偺忣曬偼偙偙偐傜擖庤偱偒傑偡: http://www.nuance.com.

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5.2.6. Abbot/AbbotDemo

Abbot 偼旕忢偵戝偒側岅渂, 榖幰偵埶懚偟側偄 ASR 僔僗僥儉偱偡. 偦傟偼傕偲
傕偲, Cambridge University 偺 Connectionist Speech Group偵傛偭偰奐敪偝
傟, 偄傑偼, SoftSound (彜梡)偵堏偭偰偄傑偡. 偔傢偟偄忣曬偼: http://
www.softsound.com

AbbotDemo 偼 Abbot 偺僨儌僷僢働乕僕偱偡. 偙偺僨儌僔僗僥儉偼栺 5000 岅偺
岅渂傪帩偪, connectionist/HMM 偺楢懕偟偨壒惡傾儖僑儕僘儉傪棙梡偟偰偄傑
偡. 偙傟偼僜乕僗僐乕僪偺晬懏偟側偄僨儌僾儘僌儔儉偱偡.

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5.2.7. Entropic

Entropic 偺廃曈偺桳擻側恖偼 Micro$oft 偵攦偄庢傜傟偰偟傑偄傑偟偨. . .
惢昳偲僒億乕僩僒乕價僗偼慡偰徚偊偰偟傑偄傑偟偨. HTK 偲 ESPS/waves+ 偺僒
億乕僩偼懪偪愗傜傟偰偟傑偄, 斵傜偺枹棃偼 M$ 偵偐偐偭偰偄傑偡. 屆偄僂僃
僽僒僀僩 http://www.entropic.com 偵偝傜偵忣曬偑偁傝傑偡.

K.K. Chin 偑巹偵 HTK 偺尦乆偺奐敪幰 (Cambridge 偺 Speech Vision and
Robotic Group) 偑傑偩偦傟偵懳偡傞僒億乕僩傪偟偰偄傞偲忣曬傪偔傟傑偟偨. 
http://htk.eng.cam.ac.uk偱偼僼儕乕側僶乕僕儑儞傕擖庤偱偒傑偡. Microsoft
偑尰峴偺 HTK 偺僐乕僪偺挊嶌尃傪強桳偟偰偄傞偙偲偵偼拲堄偟偰偔偩偝偄.

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5.2.8. 懠偺彜梡惢昳

傛傝懡偔偺彜梡偺 ASR 惢昳偑 (L&H 傪娷傔偰) 嬤偄彨棃擖庤偱偒傞傛偆偵側傞
偲偄偆塡偑偁傝傑偡. 巹偼 Comdex 2000 (Vegas) 偱 L&H 偺戙昞 2,3 恖偲榖傪
偟傑偟偨偑, 扤傕 Linux 儕儕乕僗偵偮偄偰, 傑偨 Linux 岦偗偵偳偺惢昳偺儕
儕乕僗傪寁夋偟偨偺偐偵偮偄偰偝偊忣曬傪偔傟傑偣傫偱偟偨. 傕偟偙傟埲忋偺
忣曬傪帩偭偰偄傟偽, 徻嵶傪巹 scook@gear21.com <mailto:scook@gear21.com>
偵憲偭偰偔偩偝偄.

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6. 壒惡擣幆偺撪懁

6.1. 偳偺傛偆偵擣幆偟偰偄傞偐

擣幆僔僗僥儉偼 2 偮偺庡側晹暘偵暘夝偱偒傑偡. 僷僞乕儞擣幆僔僗僥儉偼揔崌
傪敾抐偡傞偨傔偵僷僞乕儞傪婛抦偺傕偺傗妛廗偟偨僷僞乕儞偲斾妑偟傑偡.
Acoustic Phonetic 僔僗僥儉偼壒惡偺摿挜 (曣壒側偳偺壒側偳偺壒惡) 傪斾妑
偡傞偨傔偵恖懱偵娭偡傞抦幆 (惡偺惗惉, 偲挳妎) 傪棙梡偟傑偡. 傎偲傫偳偺
尰戙揑側僔僗僥儉偼偙偺傛偆側僷僞乕儞擣幆傾僾儘乕僠偵廳揰傪抲偄偰偄傑偡,
側偤側傜. 偦傟偼尰嵼偺僐儞僺儏乕僞棙梡媄弍偲偆傑偔寢傃偮偒, 崅偄惛搙傪
摼傗偡偄偐傜偱偡.

傎偲傫偳偺擣幆憰抲偼埲壓偺傛偆側抜奒偵暘夝偱偒傑偡:

 1. 僆乕僨傿僆偺婰榐偲敪榖偺専弌
   
 2. 僾儕僼傿儖僞儕儞僌 (僾儕僄儞僼傽僒僀僘, 惓婯壔, 僶儞僨傿儞僌側偳)
   
 3. 僼儗乕儈儞僌偲僂傿儞僪僂傿儞僌 (僨乕僞傪巊梡偱偒傞宍幃偵暘夝偡傞)
   
 4. 僼傿儖僞儕儞僌 (峏偵偦傟偧傟偺window/frame/freq.band傪僼傿儖僞儕儞
    僌)
   
 5. 斾妑偲揔崌 (敪榖偺擣幆)
   
 6. 摦嶌 (擣幆偝傟偨僷僞乕儞偵娭楢偟偨婡擻傪幚峴)
   
偦傟偧傟偺抜奒偼扨弮偵尒偊傑偡偑, 堦偮堦偮偼懡悢偺堎側傞 (偦偟偰偲偒偳
偒偼姰慡偵媡偺) 媄弍傪棙梡偟偰偄傑偡.

(1) 僆乕僨傿僆/敪惡偺榐壒: 偄傠偄傠側曽朄偑偁傝傑偡. 巒傔偼廃埻偺僆乕僨
傿僆偺儗儀儖 (偄偔偮偐偺応崌偱偼壒嬁偺僄僱儖僊乕) 傪榐壒偝傟偰偄傞僒儞
僾儖偲斾妑偡傞偙偲偱偡. 廔揰偺敾暿偼, 榖幰偑屇媧傗偨傔懅, 帟偺柭偒, 僄
僐乕側偳偺 "artifacts" 傪巆偟偑偪側偺偱偝傜偵崲擄偱偡.

(2) 僾儕僼傿儖僞儕儞僌: 擣幆僔僗僥儉偺懠偺婡擻偵埶懚偟偰, 偄傠偄傠側曽
朄偱峴側傢傟傑偡. 嵟傕堦斒揑側曽朄偼, 僒儞僾儖偺弨旛偺偨傔偵堦楢偺僆乕
僨傿僆僼傿儖僞乕傪巊梡偡傞 "Bank-of-Filters" 朄偲, 嵎堎(岆嵎)偺寁嶼偺偨
傔偵梊應婡擻傪巊梡偡傞 Linear Predictive Coding 朄偱偡. 堎側傞宍幃偺僗
儁僋僩儖夝愅傕棙梡偝傟傑偡.

(3) 僼儗乕儈儞僌/僂僀儞僪僂傿儞僌偼僒儞僾儖僨乕僞傪摿掕偺戝偒偝偵暘妱偡
傞偙偲偱偡. 偙傟偼偟偽偟偽 step2 偲 step4 傊恑傒傑偡. 偙偺抜奒偼暘愅偺
偨傔偵僒儞僾儖嫬奅 (暎偺僇僠儞偲偄偆壒側偳傪彍偔偙偲) 傪梡堄偡傞偙偲傕
娷傫偱偄傑偡.

(4) 捛壛偺僼傿儖僞儕儞僌偼偄偮傕懚嵼偡傞傢偗偱偼偁傝傑偣傫. 偙傟偼斾妑
偲揔崌偺慜偱偺偦傟偧傟偺僂傿儞僪僂偵懳偡傞嵟屻偺弨旛偱偡. 偟偽偟偽偙傟
偼帪娫偺攝抲偲惓婯壔偐傜峔惉偝傟傑偡.

(5)偺斾妑偲揔崌偵偮偄偰偼壜擻側媄弍偑戝検偵偁傝傑偡. 傎偲傫偳偼尰嵼偺僂
傿儞僪僂偲婛抦偺僒儞僾儖偺斾妑傪昁梫偲偟傑偡.Hidden Markov Models
(HMM), 廃攇悢夝愅, 嵎堎夝愅, 慄宆戙悢偺媄弍/嬤摴, 僗儁僋僩儖榗傪棙梡偡
傞曽朄傗帪娫榗嬋朄傕偁傝傑偡. 偙傟傜偺偡傋偰偺曽朄偼堦抳偺妋棪偲惛搙傪
摼傞偨傔偵巊梡偝傟偰偄傑偡.

(6) 摦嶌偼奐敪幰偑朷傫偩偙偲偩偗偱偡.

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6.2. 僨傿僕僞儖僆乕僨傿僆偺婎慴

僆乕僨傿僆偼杮幙揑偵傾僫儘僌側尰徾偱偡. 僨傿僕僞儖僒儞僾儖偱榐壒偡傞偙
偲偼, 儅僀僋偐傜偺傾僫儘僌怣崋傪僒僂儞僪僇乕僪忋偺 A/D 僐儞僶乕僞偱僨傿
僕僞儖怣崋偵曄姺偡傞偙偲偱偡. 儅僀僋偑摦嶌偟偰偄傟偽, 壒攇偼儅僀僋偺拞
偺帴愇偺梫慺傪怳摦偝偣, 僒僂儞僪僇乕僪傊偺揹棳 (僗僺乕僇偑媡偵摦嶌偟偰
偄傞偲峫偊偰偔偩偝偄) 傪敪惗偝偣傑偡. 婎杮揑偵偦偺A/D僐儞僶乕僞偼摿掕偺
娫妘偱偺揹埑偺抣傪婰榐偟傑偡.

偙偺夁掱偺拞偵2偮偺廳梫側梫慺偑偁傝傑偡. 1偮傔偼 "sample rate", 偁傞偄
偼偳偺傛偆側昿搙偱揹埑傪婰榐偡傞偺偐偲偄偆傕偺. 2偮傔偼 "bits per
second", 偳偺傛偆側惛搙偱抣偑婰榐偝傟傞偐偲偄偆傕偺偱偡. 3偮傔偺梫慺偼
僠儍儞僱儖偺悢 (儌僲偐僗僥儗僆偐), 偟偐偟, 懡偔偺 ASR 傾僾儕働乕僔儑儞
偱偼儌僲偱廫暘偱偡. 懡偔偺傾僾儕働乕僔儑儞偱偼偙傟傜偺僷儔儊乕僞偵梊傔
愝掕偝傟偨抣傪巊梡偟偰, 儐乕僓偼暥彂偵彂偐傟偰偄側偄偐偓傝曄峏偡傞傋偒
偱偼偁傝傑偣傫. 奐敪幰偼堎側傞抣偱偦偺傾儖僑儕僘儉偲偼壗偑崌偆偺偐傪幚
尡偡傞偙偲偱寛掕偡傞傋偒偱偡.

偦傟偱偼, ASR 偵偮偄偰偼偳偺傛偆側僒儞僾儖儗乕僩偑椙偄偺偱偟傚偆偐? 壒
惡偼斾妑揑掅偄懷堟暆 (傎偲傫偳 100Hz 偐傜 8kHz) 偱偡偐傜, 8000 samples/
sec (8kHz) 偼傎偲傫偳偺婎杮揑側 ASR 偵懳偟偰偼廫暘偱偡. 偟偐偟, 偝傜偵
惓妋側崅廃攇悢偺忣曬傪摼傜傟傞偺偱 16000 samples/sec(16kHz) 傪岲傓恖傕
偄傑偡. 傕偟張棟擻椡偑偁傟偽 16kHz 傪巊偆傋偒偱偡. 傎偲傫偳偺 ASR 傾僾
儕働乕僔儑儞偱偼 22kHz 埲忋偺僒儞僾儕儞僌儗乕僩偼柍懯偱偡.

偦偟偰偳偺傛偆側抣偑 "bits per sample" (1僒儞僾儖摉傝偺價僢僩悢) 偵偮偄
偰椙偄偺偱偟傚偆偐? 8 bits per sample 偼 0 偐傜 255 偺娫偱抣傪婰榐偟傑
偡, 偙傟偼儅僀僋惉暘偺戝偒偝偑 256屄偺拞偺1偮偱偁傞偲偄偆偙偲傪堄枴偟傑
偡. 16 bits per sample偼惉暘偺戝偒偝傪 65536 屄偵暘妱偟傑偡. 僒儞僾儖儗
乕僩傕摨條偱偡. 斾妑偺偨傔偵, 壒妝梡 Compact Disc 偼 44kHz 偱 16 bits
per sample偱僄儞僐乕僪偝傟偰偄傑偡.

巊梡偝傟傞僄儞僐乕僨傿儞僌僼僅乕儅僢僩偼慄宆側晞崋晅偁傞偄偼晞崋側偟惍
悢偺傛偆偵扨弮偱偁傞傋偒偱偡. U-Law/A-Law 傾儖僑儕僘儉傑偨偼懠偺埑弅朄
傪巊梡偡傞偙偲偼晛捠壙抣偑偁傝傑偣傫, 側偤側傜偦傟偼寁嶼擻椡偺僐僗僩偑
偐偐傝, 僐僗僩偵尒崌偭偨擻椡傪廫暘偵摼傞偙偲偑偱偒側偄偐傜偱偡

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7. 弌斉暔

偙偺儕僗僩偵嵹偭偰偄側偄傕偺偱, 偙偙偵壛偊偨傎偆偑偄偄偲巚偆弌斉暔偑偁
傟偽, 巹scook@gear21.com <mailto:scook@gear21.com>傊忣曬傪憲偭偰偔偩偝
偄.

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7.1. 彂愋

 丒 "Fundamentals of Speech Recognition". L. Rabiner & B. Juang. 1993.
    ISBN: 0130151572.
   
 丒 "How to Build a Speech Recognition Application". B. Balentine, D.
    Morgan, and W. Meisel. 1999. ISBN: 0967127815.
   
 丒 "Speech Recognition : Theory and C++ Implementation". C. Becchetti
    and L.P. Ricotti. 1999. ISBN: 0471977306.
   
 丒 "Applied Speech Technology". A. Syrdal, R. Bennett, S. Greenspan.
    1994. ISBN: 0849394562.
   
 丒 "Speech Recognition : The Complete Practical Reference Guide". P.
    Foster, T. Schalk. 1993. ISBN: 0936648392.
   
 丒 "Speech and Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural
    Language Processing, Computational Linguistics and Speech
    Recognition". D. Jurafsky, J. Martin. 2000. ISBN: 0130950696.
   
 丒 "Discrete-Time Processing of Speech Signals (IEEE Press Classic
    Reissue)". J. Deller, J. Hansen, J. Proakis. 1999. ISBN:
    0780353862.
   
 丒 "Statistical Methods for Speech Recognition (Language, Speech, and
    Communication)". F. Jelinek. 1999. ISBN: 0262100665.
   
 丒 "Digital Processing of Speech Signals" L. Rabiner, R. Schafer.
    1978. ISBN: 0132136031
   
 丒 "Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing". C.
    Manning, H. Schutze. 1999. ISBN: 0262133601.
   
 丒 "Designing Effective Speech Interfaces". S. Weinschenk, D. T.
    Barker. 2000. ISBN: 0471375454.
   
懡悢偺僆儞儔僀儞偱撉傔傞嶲峫暥專儕僗僩偑偁傞偺偱, Institut Fur Phoneti
傪僠僃僢僋偟偨傎偆偑偄偄偱偟傚偆: http://
www.informatik.uni-frankfurt.de/~ifb/bib_engl.html

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7.2. 僀儞僞乕僱僢僩

news:comp.speech
   
    僐儞僺儏乕僞偲壒惡偵娭偡傞僯儏乕僗僌儖乕僾偱偡.
   
     仩 US: http://www.speech.cs.cmu.edu/comp.speech/
       
     仩 UK: http://svr-www.eng.cam.ac.uk/comp.speech/
       
     仩 Aus: http://www.speech.su.oz.au/comp.speech/
       
news:comp.speech.users
   
    壒惡偵娭偡傞僜僼僩僂僃傾偺儐乕僓偺偨傔偺僯儏乕僗僌儖乕僾偱偡.
   
     仩 http://www.speechtechnology.com/users/comp.speech.users.html
       
news:comp.speech.research
   
    壒惡偵娭學偟偨僜僼僩僂僃傾偲僴乕僪僂僃傾偺偨傔偺僯儏乕僗僌儖乕僾偱
    偡.
   
news:comp.dsp
   
    僨傿僕僞儖怣崋張棟偺偨傔偺僯儏乕僗僌儖乕僾偱偡.
   
news:alt.sci.physics.acoustics
   
    壒偺暔棟妛偺偨傔偺僯儏乕僗僌儖乕僾偱偡.
   
DDLinux Email List
   
    Linux 偺壒惡擣幆偺儊乕儕儞僌儕僗僩偱偡.
   
     仩 Homepage: http://leb.net/ddlinux/
       
     仩 Archives: http://leb.net/pipermail/ddlinux/
       
Linux Software Repository for speech applications
   
    http://sunsite.uio.no/pub/linux/sound/apps/speech/
   
Russ Wilcox's List of Speech Recognition Links
   
    (excellent) http://www.tiac.net/users/rwilcox/speech.html
   
Online Bibliography
   
    Online Bibliography of Phonetics and Speech Technology
    Publications. http://www.informatik.uni-frankfurt.de/~ifb/
    bib_engl.html
   
MIT's Spoken Language Systems Homepage
   
    http://www.sls.lcs.mit.edu/sls/
   
Oregon Graduate Institute
   
    Oregon Graduate Institute 偺 Spoken Language Understanding 偺僙儞僞
    乕偱偡. 奐敪幰偲尋媶幰偵偲偭偰慺惏傜偟偄応強偱偡. http://
    cslu.cse.ogi.edu/
   
IBM's ViaVoice Linux SDK
   
    http://www-4.ibm.com/software/speech/dev/sdk_linux.html
   
Mississippi State
   
    Signal and Information Processing偵偮偄偰偺儈僔僔僢僺廈棫戝妛奐敪幰
    偵岦偗偨戝検偺忣曬偑偁傞儂乕儉儁乕僕偱偡. http://
    www.isip.msstate.edu/projects/speech/
   
Speech Technology
   
    ASR 僜僼僩僂僃傾偲傾僋僙僒儕偱偡. http://www.speechtechnology.com
   
Speech Control
   
    壒惡惂屼偺僐儞僺儏乕僞僔僗僥儉. ASR梡偺儅僀僋, 僿僢僪僙僢僩, 儚僀儎
    儗僗惢昳偱偡. http://www.speechcontrol.com
   
Microphones.com
   
    ASR 梡偺儅僀僋偲傾僋僙僒儕偱偡. http://www.microphones.com
   
21st Century Eloquence
   
    "Speech Recognition Specialists." http://voicerecognition.com
   
Computing Out Loud
   
    庡偵偼 Windows 儐乕僓偵岦偗偨傕偺偱偡偑, 椙偄忣曬偑偁傝傑偡. http:/
    /www.out-loud.com
   
Say I Can.com
   
    "The Speech Recognition Information Source." http://www.sayican.com
   
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8. 擔杮岅栿偵偮偄偰

擔杮岅栿偼 Linux Japanese FAQ Project 偑峴偄傑偟偨. 東栿偵娭偡傞偛堄尒
偼 JF 僾儘僕僃僋僩 <JF@linux.or.jp> 埗偵楢棈偟偰偔偩偝偄.

2.0j

東栿:
   
    暈晹崅帒 <htakashi@yabumi.com>
   
峑惓:
   
     仩 拞扟愮奊 <jeanne@mbox.kyoto-inet.or.jp>
       
     仩 栰杮峗堦 <hng@ps.ksky.ne.jp>
       
